Ancient Japan in Poetry
Kokin Wakashū · Heian Period · ca. 850

Japan's Greatest Lover Poet in Nara's Sacred Meadows, 850 CE

春日野の 若紫の すりごろも しのぶの乱れ 限り知られず
Kasugano no / wakamurasaki no / surigoromo / shinobu no midare / kagiri shirarezu
Like the wild pattern pressed into cloth from young purple grasses of Kasuga— so my heart tangles in endless longing for you.
— Ariwara no Narihira (在原業平)

About the Poet

Ariwara no Narihira (825-880) stands as perhaps the most romantic figure in Japanese literary history—a prince of imperial blood whose legendary beauty and passionate affairs inspired countless tales. Born to a prince who was removed from imperial succession, Narihira held modest court positions but achieved immortality through his poetry. He is the central figure in 'The Tales of Ise,' a collection of episodes featuring a passionate nobleman widely believed to be Narihira himself. His connection to Nara is profound: the Kasugano meadows where this poem is set were sacred grounds of the Fujiwara clan, and Narihira's journeys through this landscape became the stuff of legend. One of the 'Six Immortals of Poetry' (Rokkasen), his verse pioneered the deeply personal, emotionally direct style that would define Japanese court poetry. For travelers visiting Nara today, walking the same Kasuga meadows allows you to touch the very landscape that inspired Japan's greatest romantic poet over eleven centuries ago.

Kasugano, Nara

Kasugano refers to the gentle meadows spreading at the foot of Mount Mikasa in eastern Nara, surrounding the vermillion splendor of Kasuga Taisha shrine. In Heian times, these fields were famous for 'wakamurasaki'—young purple gromwell plants used to dye aristocratic robes. Today, the area retains its ancient atmosphere: sacred deer roam freely among moss-covered stone lanterns, and primeval forests create cathedral-like canopies overhead. Visit in early spring when the meadows soften with new growth, or autumn when maple fire illuminates the shrine paths. The morning hours offer magical mist rising from the grass. Don't miss the 3,000 stone lanterns lining the approach to Kasuga Taisha, lit during the February Mantoro festival. This is Japan's spiritual heartland—walk slowly and feel the poetry.

Understanding the Poem

This poem achieves its power through an intricate web of wordplay and fabric imagery that Heian audiences would have savored. 'Surigoromo' refers to cloth decorated by pressing grass patterns onto fabric—a technique that produces wild, tangled designs. Narihira compares his disordered heart to this chaotic pattern, but the word 'shinobu' performs double duty: it means both the fern used in dyeing (shinobu-zuri) and the verb 'to long for secretly.' The 'young purple' evokes both the actual gromwell plant and youthful beauty. Thus, every line operates on two levels—the literal craft of cloth-making and the emotional chaos of forbidden love. The final phrase 'kagiri shirarezu' (knowing no limit) leaves the poem open-ended, suggesting passion so overwhelming it cannot be contained. This is Japanese poetry at its most sophisticated: surface beauty concealing depths of feeling.

purple-dyed cloth tangled patterns spring meadow grasses young gromwell plants endless longing Spring Nara Kokin Wakashū

This page contains affiliate links. We may earn a small commission when you book through these links, at no extra cost to you.